Stem cells can enhance sexual function
Stem cells can self-renew according to the type of stimulus or signal they receive, differentiate into different cell phenotypes and repair damaged tissue.
Depending on the breadth of the type of differentiation, stem cells can be divided into totipotent, pluripotent, multipo tent, and unipotent. Totipotent stem cells (such as fertilized eggs and morula blast cells) have the greatest differentiation potential and can differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm cells.
Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into cells of all three germ layers except for extraembryonic tissues, and ESCs derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts are the most widely studied and deepest pluripotent stem cells. Specific stem cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells (haeIIlatopoieticstemcells, HScs) and mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchyIllalstemceUs, MSCs), also have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of specific cell types.
Unipotent stem cells do not have or have the ability to self-renew or differentiate into a specific type of cell, such as epithelial cells. Separation of ESCs requires destruction of human embryos, so ESCs are subject to rigorous ethical and legal restrictions that prompt researchers to look for alternative sources of stem cells, such as fetal tissue, parthenogenesis, amniotic fluid stem cells, and ASCs. ASCs were more widely used in research because ASCs were found to have greater differentiation potential than expected.
ED refers to a disease in which erection cannot be achieved and maintained to achieve satisfactory sexual intercourse. Vascular diseases associated with smoking, aging, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and hypertension are the main causes of ED, such as radical prostatectomy. The resulting cavernous nerve injury is also an important cause of ED. Other causes include drug side effects, genital trauma, endocrine dysfunction, fibrosis of penile vessels and cavernosal smooth muscle, and penile tumors.
Although drug therapy is effective, such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5i), its efficacy is short-lived and relatively expensive, and although it is better for angiogenic ED, it is associated with advanced diabetes or radical prostatectomy. The latter ED patient is ineffective. Apoptosis by damaged neurons and schwann cells often leads to irreversible functional damage, which is ineffective with oral medication.
Stem cell transplantation simplifies the treatment process by direct differentiation to replace damaged cells or paracrine cytokines. This is different from drugs only for specific molecules or signaling pathways. Therefore, stem cell transplantation has been widely used as a research and application prospect. Alternative treatment.
Last few years. The use of stem cells to treat ED has made great progress, including the use of stem cells from different tissue sources, gene-transfected stem cells, stem cell lysates, and tissue engineering. Currently, nine types of stem cells have been successfully used in the treatment of ED.
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