Overview of Hypertension


Overview of Hypertension

What is hypertension?


Hypertension is the most common chronic disease characterized by raise in arterial blood pressure. The normal resting blood pressure range is systolic pressure of 90–140mmHg (maximum reading) and diastolic pressure of 60–90mmHg (lowest reading). When the blood pressure remains to be or greater than 140/90mmHg, it is hypertension. A rise in blood pressure promotes a increase in burden of heart in driving blood to circulate in vessels.

Hypertension can be divided into two kinds

Hypertension can be divided into two kinds in clinic:
    1. Primary hypertension
It is an independent disease with rise in blood pressure as main clinical manifestation and unclear causes.
    2. Secondary hypertension
It is also called as symptomatic hypertension with clear causes. High blood pressure is only one of clinical manifestations of this disease. The blood pressure may have a temporary or permanent rise.

Causes of hypertension

The exact cause of primary hypertension is still not clear but there are some factors and conditions playing a certain role in its development, including:
1. Having the history of hypertension, heart disease or diabetes mellitus;
2. After reaching the age of 55 years old, the incidence will increase with advancing age;
3. Overweight;
4. Alcoholism and smoking;
5. Frequently eating foods high in salt;
6. Taking some drugs and illegal drugs for a long time.
Causes of secondary hypertension include:
1. Chronic renal disease;
2. Adrenal gland diseases;
3. Hyperthyroidism;
4. Pregnancy or preeclampsia;
5. Drugs, such as contraceptive drugs, diet pills, some medicine for cold and drugs used for migraine;
6. Narrowed artery.
Find causes of hypertension through going hospital to receive examinations and formulate treatment scheme according to symptoms and causes.


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